ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Year : 2022  |  Volume : 17  |  Issue : 3  |  Page : 713-714

Human papillomavirus immunohistochemistry in high grade squamous cell lesions of esophagus

Purvee Agrawal, Arvind Bhake
Department of Pathology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College (DMIMS), Wardha, Maharashtra, India

Correspondence Address:
Dr. Purvee Agrawal
Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College Campus, Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha, Maharashtra
India

Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None

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DOI: 10.4103/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_158_19

Background: Over the past decade, the cause–effect relationship between human papillomavirus (HPV) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the esophagus has been worked over. A few reports in the literature have demonstrated HPV protein within premalignant and malignant cells of SCC of the esophagus. Aims and Objectives: The aim was to study the high-grade squamous cell lesions and its relation with high-risk HPV infection to be evident on immunohistochemistry for high-risk HPV on biopsies of esophageal lesions. Materials and Methods: Biopsy from 20 esophageal growth processed conventionally, and histological section is stained by hematoxylin and eosin stains; paraffin-embedded tissue of esophageal lesions is processed and stained for immunohistochemistry in the detection of HPV by cocktail HPV16 and HPV18 antibodies by the standard procedure. Results: The present poster describes the results of immunohistochemistry for high-risk HPV on 20 cases of esophagus premalignant squamous cell lesions along with the SCC types and its grade. It has been observed that five cases have been demonstrated for positive results of immunohistochemistry for high-risk HPV. Conclusions: It may be postulated that HPV plays an important role in the pathogenesis of SCC esophagus.

Keywords: Human papillomavirus, immunohistochemistry, squamous cell carcinoma esophagus

Introduction

• The study was carried out over the years duration with the aim of demonstrating high-risk HPV 16 and 18 by IHC on previously diagnosed endoscopic biopsies of severe squamous dysplasia and well-differentiated SCC
• The objective of this study was to compare their results of high-risk HPV IHC on high-grade SCC lesions to the results of normal, hyperplastic squamous histology of esophageal biopsies.

Materials and Methods

• Preliminary data, including habits of chewing and endoscopic findings of patients, were recorded
• The study comprised of two groups:
• The Group 1 comprised 20 cases of esophageal growth reported as SCC or severe squamous cell dysplasia and Group 2 comprised 20 cases of normal or hyperplastic squamous cell biopsies (control group)
• These biopsies were sampled by endoscopy
• All the biopsies were conventionally processed and viewed as on hematoxylin and eosin stain
• Group 1 and Group 2 biopsies underwent IHC for high-risk HPV by the three-step method
• The antibodies used were monoclonal mouse anti-HPV clone K1H8 by Dako North America, Inc., 6392 Via Real Carpinteria, CA 93013, USA
• The IHC was reported by standard protocols.^[4]

Results

• The youngest patient in Group 1 was of 27 years. Group 1 had a mean age of 54 years, and the mean age for Group 2 was 40 years
• Males (12 cases) predominated over females (8 cases) in both groups
• The distribution of diagnosis of 20 cases in Group 1 was as follows: well-differentiated SCC 17 cases and severe squamous cell dysplasia three cases
• Results of IHC for high-risk HPV


1) Group 1 – five biopsies of five cases showed positive IHC with nuclear staining, but no positive staining was seen in the rest of the 15 cases

Of the five positive IHC staining, only one had strong positive nuclear staining [Figure 1], while other four were weakly positive.

Discussion

Conclusions

References

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