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 Table of Contents  
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Year : 2021  |  Volume : 16  |  Issue : 1  |  Page : 15-19

Study of knowledge and attitude about breastfeeding practices and newborn care in rural areas


Department of Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed to be University), Wardha, Maharashtra, India

Date of Submission18-Dec-2019
Date of Decision26-Nov-2020
Date of Acceptance25-Dec-2020
Date of Web Publication29-Jul-2021

Correspondence Address:
Dr. Asmeet Chawla
Indira Hostel, Sawangi Meghe, Wardha, Maharashtra
India
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Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None


DOI: 10.4103/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_10_19

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  Abstract 


Objectives: The objective is to study knowledge and attitude about breastfeeding and newborn care practices and factors affecting initiation and duration of breastfeeding in rural areas. Materials and Methods: Mothers with their babies who came for Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV1) and Diphtheria, Pertussis, and Tetanus Immunization (DPT1) in Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital were included in the cross-sectional study after verbal consent. Pretested questionnaire on breastfeeding practices was done. Results: 95% of new-borns cried immediately after birth, meconium passed in 98%,urine passed in 93%, 100% new-borns were immunized. 82% of mothers knew about colostrum. 96 % of mothers knew about immunization, 60% mothers know for which disease immunization is given and all 100% mothers immunized their babies Conclusion: The study emphasizes the need for breastfeeding intervention program in antenatal and postnatal mothers during their checkups. Mothers in rural areas should be encouraged to avail the hospital facilities during their deliveries and postdeliveries.

Keywords: Breastfeeding, duration, exclusive, initiation


How to cite this article:
Dhamania M, Chawla A, Bhagwat P, Bhalgat P, Sharma S, Pawar S. Study of knowledge and attitude about breastfeeding practices and newborn care in rural areas. J Datta Meghe Inst Med Sci Univ 2021;16:15-9

How to cite this URL:
Dhamania M, Chawla A, Bhagwat P, Bhalgat P, Sharma S, Pawar S. Study of knowledge and attitude about breastfeeding practices and newborn care in rural areas. J Datta Meghe Inst Med Sci Univ [serial online] 2021 [cited 2023 Jun 7];16:15-9. Available from: https://journals.lww.com/dmms/pages/default.aspx/text.asp?2021/16/1/15/322589




  Introduction Top


Breastfeeding is an important determinant of child survival, prevention of childhood infections, and birth spacing. The beneficial effects depend on breastfeeding initiation, duration, and age at which breastfed child is weaned, which is influenced by social, cultural, and economic factors. Hence, the study with these relationships helps in orienting the breastfeeding promotional activities.[1],[2]


  Materials and Methods Top


This cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted in Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital (AVBRH), Sawangi (M), Wardha.

A total of 100 mothers having children <2 years who visited for vaccination and postnatal mothers in obstetrics outpatient department (OPD) were included in the study. Data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire on breastfeeding practices. We have selected and interviewed every alternate mother visiting the OPD of AVBRH after verbal consent.

Statistical analysis

Statistical analysis was done using bar diagram, pie chart, and Chi-square test.

Ethical clearance

The Institutional Ethics Committee of DMIMSDU has approved the Research work proposed to be carried out at Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Sawangi(M), Wardha. Date: 27th March 2017 with Reference no DMIMS(DU)/IEC/2017-18/340.


  Results Top


Majority (72%) women married at the age of 18–25 years, 18% had >25 years, and 10% of women were <18 years. Majority (55%) women educated up to primary, 35% were illiterates, and only 10% of women educated up to secondary. Majority of women (45%) having socioeconomic status grade III.

Sixty-one percent were primigravida, 25% had birth order 2nd, 10% had 3rd, 3% had 4th, and remaining had >4. AVBRH used by 45% mothers, 25% approached Anganwadi, 20% approached government hospitals, 5% approached private hospitals, and 5% approached other health facilities. Of total hospital deliveries, 90% were normal and 10% were cesarean, and out of total home deliveries, 90% were attended by trained dais.

Surgical blade was used to cut the umbilical cord in 91% deliveries, knife in 6%, and scissor in 2% deliveries.

Ninety-five percent of newborns cried immediately after birth, meconium passed in 98%, urine passed in 93%, and 100% newborns were immunized. 82% of mothers knew about colostrums. 96% of mothers knew about immunization, 60% mothers know for which disease immunization is given, and all 100% mothers immunized their babies.


  Discussion Top


Women in rural areas have positive attitude toward breastfeeding. In this study, almost all the women had continued to breastfeed beyond 9 months. Other studies conducted in rural areas show that almost all mothers initiate breastfeeding within 8th h after birth. The earlier and more effective discarding the colostrum is still practiced. Discarding the colostrum and feeding with sugar water, honey, or ghee make the child vulnerable to infections. Madhu et al., 2009 revealed that majority (97%) mothers initiated breastfeeding and 3% were not able to initiate.[3]

With home delivery, 44% of mothers initiated breastfeeding within 30 min, and there was a delay of 2–3 h in feeding with cesarean section, while 19% of the mothers in our study did not breastfeed even after 24 h postdelivery. They were given prelacteal feeds and colostrums discarded [Figure 1] and [Figure 8].
Figure 1: Distribution of women according to sociodemographic status

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Figure 2: Distribution of mothers according to parity

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Figure 3: Distribution of mothers according to facilities approached for past deliveries

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Figure 4: Distribution of mothers according to mode of recent delivery

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Figure 5: Cord-cutting practices after delivery among the participants

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Figure 6: Distribution of mothers according to time of initiation of breastfeeding

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Figure 7: Knowledge and attitude about colostrums and immunization practices among mothers

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Figure 8: Distribution of newborn according to newborn care practices

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In our study, 50% of the mothers initiated breastfeeding within 30 min. All of the mothers breastfeed after the delivery within 24 h. They were given colostrums (82%) and 22% of them given prelacteal feeds. Our findings are correlating with the above study [Figure 2],[Figure 3],[Figure 4],[Figure 5],[Figure 6],[Figure 7].[4],[5]


  Conclusion Top


The study emphasizes the need for breastfeeding intervention program in antenatal and postnatal mothers during their checkups. People (mothers) in rural areas should be encouraged to avail the hospital facilities during their deliveries, which will surely help maintain the aseptic conditions and proper hygiene during delivery and postnatal periods [Table 1],[Table 2],[Table 3],[Table 4],[Table 5],[Table 6],[Table 7],[Table 8].[6],[7],[8],[9],[10],[11],[12],[13],[14],[15],[16],[17]
Table 1: Distribution of women according to sociodemographic status

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Table 2: Distribution of mothers according to parity

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Table 3: Distribution of mothers according to facilities approached for past deliveries

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Table 4: Distribution of mothers according to mode of recent delivery

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Table 5: Cord-cutting practices after delivery among the participants

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Table 6: Distribution of mothers according to time of initiation of breastfeeding

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Table 7: Knowledge and attitude about colostrums and immunization practices among mothers

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Table 8: Distribution of newborn according to newborn care practices

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Financial support and sponsorship

Nil.

Conflicts of interest

There are no conflicts of interest.



 
  References Top

1.
Williams EL, Hammer LD. Breastfeeding attitudes and knowledge of pediatricians-in-training. Am J Prev Med 1995;11:26-33.  Back to cited text no. 1
    
2.
National Family Health Survey, India. Available from: http://www.rchiips.org/nfhs/NFHS-4Reports/Maharashtra.pdf. [Last accessed on 2018 Nov 18].  Back to cited text no. 2
    
3.
Madhu K, Chowdary S, Masthi R. Breast feeding practices and newborn care in rural areas: A descriptive cross-sectional study. Indian J Community Med 2009;34:243-6.  Back to cited text no. 3
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4.
Li R, Fein SB, Chen J, Grummer-Strawn LM. Why mothers stop breastfeeding: Mothers' self-reported reasons for stopping during the first year. Pediatrics 2008;122 Suppl 2:S69-76.  Back to cited text no. 4
    
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Iskandar MB, Costello C, Nasution Y. Initiation and duration of breast-feeding in Indonesia. Asia Pac Popul J 1990;5:89-112.  Back to cited text no. 5
    
6.
Bautista LE. Factors associated with the initiation of breast feeding by women in the Dominican Republic. Rev Panam Salud Publica 1997;1:200-7.  Back to cited text no. 6
    
7.
Zahiruddin QS, Gaidhane A, Kogade P, Kawalkar U, Khatib N, Gaidhane S. Challenges and patterns of complementary feeding for women in employment: A qualitative study from rural India. Curr Res Nutr Food Sci 2016;4:48-53. Available from: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0 85008951582&doi=10.12944% 2fCRNFSJ.4.1.06&partnerID=40&md5=00aa47bc42a3308d9a32dc846fba82cd. [Last accessed on 2018 Nov 18].  Back to cited text no. 7
    
8.
Puri S, Fernandez S, Puranik A, Anand D, Gaidhane A, Quazi Syed Z, et al. Policy content and stakeholder network analysis for infant and young child feeding in India. BMC Public Health 2017. Available from: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0- 85020787681&doi=10.1186%2fs12889-017-4339 z&partnerID=40&md5=f22f8b5d43819572181027e6e031f972. [Last accessed on 2018 Nov 18].  Back to cited text no. 8
    
9.
Thow AM, Karn S, Devkota MD, Rasheed S, Roy S, Suleman Y, et al. Opportunities for strengthening infant and young child feeding policies in South Asia: Insights from the SAIFRN policy analysis project. BMC Public Health 2017. Available from: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85020827604&doi=10.1186%2fs12889-017-4336-2&partnerID=40&md5=c191e1dcead4f212de845879f2c4f9b9. [Last accessed on 2018 Nov 18].  Back to cited text no. 9
    
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Choudhari S, Lakde RN, Wagh VV, Joge US, Khapre MP, Mudey AB. Breast feeding practices among mothers of rural community with special reference to WHO indicators. J Datta Meghe Inst Med Sci Univ 2012;7:10-7. Retrieved from: www.scopus.com. [Last accessed on 2018 Nov 18].  Back to cited text no. 10
    
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Damke S, Kulkarni S, Lakhkar B. Infant feeding education by trained grandmothers vs. doctors: Testing the third dimension of breastfeeding experience. J Datta Meghe Inst Med Sci Univ 2012;7:75-8. Retrieved from: www.scopus.com [Last accessed on 2018 Nov 18].  Back to cited text no. 11
    
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Thakre SS, Thakre SB, Thakre AD, Golawar SH, More SM, Humne AY. Effectiveness of the training course of ASHA on infant feeding practices at a rural teaching hospital: A cross sectional study. J Clin Diagn Res 2012;6:1038-40.  Back to cited text no. 12
    
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Ram CG, Banginwar AS, Ziyo F, Toweir AA. Breastfeeding Practices: Positioning, Attachment (Latch-on) and Effective Suckling - A Hospital-Based Study in Libya. J Fam Community Med 2011;18:74-9. Available from: https://doi.org/10.4103/2230-8229.83372. [Last accessed on 2018 Nov 18].  Back to cited text no. 13
    
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Seema P, Fernandez S, Puranik A, Anand D, Gaidhane A, Syed ZQ, et al. Policy Content and Stakeholder Network Analysis for Infant and Young Child Feeding in India. BMC Public Health 2017;17:16-25. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4339-z. [Last accessed on 2018 Nov 18].  Back to cited text no. 15
    
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Syed Q, Gaidhane ZA, Kogade P, Kawalkar U, Khatib N, Gaidhane S. Challenges and Patterns of Complementary Feeding for Women in Employment: A Qualitative Study from Rural India. Curr Res Nutr Food Sci 2016;4:48-53. Available from: https://doi.org/10.12944/CRNFSJ.4.1.06. [Last accessed on 2018 Nov 18].  Back to cited text no. 16
    
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Marie TA, Karn S, Devkota MD, Rasheed S, Roy SK, Suleman Y, et al. Opportunities for Strengthening Infant and Young Child Feeding Policies in South Asia: Insights from the SAIFRN Policy Analysis Project. BMC Public Health 2017;17:1-14. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4336-2. [Last accessed on 2018 Nov 18].  Back to cited text no. 17
    


    Figures

  [Figure 1], [Figure 2], [Figure 3], [Figure 4], [Figure 5], [Figure 6], [Figure 7], [Figure 8]
 
 
    Tables

  [Table 1], [Table 2], [Table 3], [Table 4], [Table 5], [Table 6], [Table 7], [Table 8]



 

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